The science and research undoubtedly represent a key domain  of an entabled academic institution. Our Institute carries out a wide range of scientific and research activities devoted to miscellaneous areas of relativistic physics and astrophysics, subnuclear physics, quantum theory of particle physics, or multiple branches of experimental physics.

Within the field of theoretical physics and astrophysics, the main focus is oriented on the behaviour of particles and fields in the vicinity of relativistic compact objects (black holes, neutron stars amd white dwarfs), inflationary and brane cosmology, collision processes of highly interacting particles, analysis of observational data of X-ray binary systems, and the theory of accretion discs closely related to the phenomenon of quasars and active glactic nuclei.

In the experimental physics the specific areas of interest are the optoelectronics and physics of ionizing radiation. Within the former scope we specialize in interferometry and holography, while the latter comprehends detection and dosimetry, radionuclides migration in the components of environment, and both software and hardware realization of monitoring systems.

Modern computer numerical methods, simulations and visualisations are massively used within the scope of the above issues.

Modern science is international and collaboration with major scientific institutions plays a crucial role in conducting the world top-level research. Our institute closely cooperates with world's leading institutes for physics and astrophysics, such as the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) in Trieste, Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT)  in Cambridge, Centre for the Study of Radiation in Space (CESR) in Toulouse, SUJV Dubna, universities  of Oxford, Gothenburgh, Minneapolis, Stony Brook, Pittsburgh, Harvard, Santa Barbara, Montreal, Alberta, the Queen Mary and Westfield Colleges in London, and CERN in Geneva. People at the Institute often attend significant domestic or international conferences  and publish the scientific results in prestigious impact journals. Doctoral and master's students of higher classes are motivated to actively participate in the scientific research within their diploma thesis work.

The Institute has been involved in several research projects. It has been successfuly solving the extensive research grant MSM 4781305903 funded under the Czech Ministery of Education that conducts research in multiple research topics related to relativistic astrophysics and cosmology. Another research project dedicated to relativistic astrophysics - The Centre for Theoretical Astrophysics (CTA) - has been realized jointly with the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University in Prague.

Furthermore, The Centre of Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics and Nuclear Physics (CENAP), carried out in collaboration with the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Experimental and Technical Physics of the Czech Technical University in Prague, is devoted to basic research in the fundamental areas of experimental nuclear astrophysics and neutrino physics, dark matter, and the properties of hadrons under extreme conditions.